Kargil issue between Pak and India

Kargil  issue between Pak and India

In 1999 India and Pakistan confronted once again in the region of Kashmir. The war was started with the infiltration of mujahedeen in the Indian side of line of control. The line of control is a border between Pakistan and India in the Kashmir region. According to simla accord Pakistan and India accept the line of control as border and mutual respect it, they also agreed that they will solve the Kashmir issue by bilateral negotiation. However, both countries held various meeting at different levels, yet, they failed to solve it.

Three different parts has line of control.

“The first part approximately 128 miles long delineates the boundary between Indian administrative Kashmir and Pakistan and is referred to as the working boundary by Pakistan. It runs from border pillar 1 at the Sialkot border to the Chamb sector north of Marala headworks.

The second segment about 500miles long meanders northeastward to Pt. NJ 9842 due east of the Shyok River in the north. This segment gains height as proceeds northwards.

The third portion about 40 miles long linking NJ 9842 to its culmination on the Chines border was left undemarcated due to the inaccessibility of the area.”[1] 

In 1998 the relations were very friendly between neighbors and both were serious to solve their disputes by peaceful way. But in 1999 once again both countries tried to establish their control on Kashmir by force and both states once again were close to the outbreak of war.

The kargil war was started due to Pakistani aggression, in the shape of mujahedeen. The kargil war was different as compared to other wars because it was limited war; in other perceptive the kargil war was also different because the area of kargil is the second highest battlefield after Siachen in the world. The third uniqueness of the kargil war was that it was the second war after Sino-Soviet border conflict in which both sides were in the possession of nuclear weapons but they did not use it. During this war international community was feared of the usage of nuclear weapons but both countries refrained themselves to do so.

Geographical location

The kargil is located in the Humalaya’s Mountains. Before partiotion of sub-continent in the 1947, kargil was part of Baltistan district. It is a populated area in which different kinds of peoples lived. The area of Kargil is separated inyo Batalik, Dras, Kaksar and Mushkoh. Kargil is the second highest combat zone after siachen in the world, with heights 16,000 to 18,000 feet.

“The side of kargil which is on Indian side is connected with indian jummu and Kashmir which is consisted of two other provinces in additition to Ladakh: the Kashmir valley and jummu. The valley and jummu each consist of six districts and each has a population of around 4 million. They are spread over an area of 6,156 and 10,150 miles respectively. In contrast, Ladakh consists of two district Leh and kargil with a sparse population and covers an area of 37,327 square miles. To the west of Chordat La lies the Indians town of kargil. The kargil highest are very important in military perspective.”[2] From Srinagar the kargil is located only 205 Km. from the Pakistani side kargil is just 173 Km from the Pakistani governed area of Sakardu. The Tiger hill, Black hill and Tololong are the famous and important hills in the kargil region. 

Weather of kargil is very cold due to its high altitude and in winter season the temperature drops to minus 48 c, but in summers weather is very chilly with cold nights.

Demography

“The 80% of population is Muslin which is 95,963 of which 73% follow Shia Islam. Most of the district of Muslims is found in the northern kargil town, Drass and the lower Suru valley. Of the reminder 15% are followers of Tibetan Buddhism and around Shergol and Mulbekh. Another 4% of the population follows Hindu and Sheiks”.[3] The local language of area is Balti.

History of kargil

“In early days region of kargil was known as Purig. The Purig was consisted of the areas around the kargil town, the Suru valley, Shaghar, Chiktan, Pashkum, Bodh Kharbu and Mulbek. The word Purig derived from “burig” which means the brave race.”[4] 

According to an estimate in 500 BC “Dars” who came in the region and they were first who settled here. Later the Dras traveled to kargil through Baltistan.  The footprints are still found in some areas like Da-Hanu and Chiktan. With the passage of time different rulers had ruled on kargil and they had captured whole of the Purig region.

In the 1834 Maharaja Gulab Singh of jummu tried to annex Ladakh. I the beginning the Ladakh rulers resisted but they were defeated because they had no proper army. After that Ladakh was added in jummu. During Dogras rule jummu and kargil emerged; because of native administer Salaam khan which had been appointed by Dogra. At the time of partition 1947 Maharaja Hari Singh was ruler of Kashmir.

Kargil after 1947

According to partition plan Kashmir was part of Pakistan but India claimed this area so consequently was started.